Jean-Didier Vincent was a French neurobiologist and neuropsychiatrist. He was Professor of Physiology at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Bordeaux II and then at the University of Paris-Sud. From 1991 to 2004 Vincent was Director of the Alfred-Fessard Institute of Neurobiology at the CNRS. He was a member of both the French Academy of Sciences and the French Academy of Medicine since 18 November 2003.