Imperceptible Harms and Benefits

¡ Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻĒ 8 ¡ Springer Science & Business Media
āĻ‡āĻŦā§āĻ•
158
āĻĒā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻ āĻž
āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‚āĻ•āĻ¨ āĻ†ā§°ā§ āĻĒā§°ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻž āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§°āĻž āĻšā§‹ā§ąāĻž āĻ¨āĻžāĻ‡  āĻ…āĻ§āĻŋāĻ• āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻ•

āĻāĻ‡ āĻ‡āĻŦā§āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨ā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§Ÿā§‡

The papers collected here represent the most recent work on a much neglected problem in practical reasoning. It is the problem of imperceptible harms and benefits. It is perhaps better to characterize the problem as a collection of puzzles or paradoxes, since those who deny the existence (or possibility) of imperceptible decrements (or increments) face problems no less perplexing than those who affinn their existence. The puzzles and paradoxes combine very practical and pressing worries about our obligations to relieve starvation, mitigate suffering and conserve resources, with deep metaethical worries about the nature of practical rationality. I use these brief introductory pages to familiarize the reader with the basic set of problems examined in this collection. Most of us think that an action cannot be wrong if its effects are entirely and always imperceptible.¡ Jonathan Glover's fanciful example of the 100 armed bandits and the 100 Wlarmed tribesman clearly illustrates a deep worry with such moral reasoning.

āĻāĻ‡ āĻ‡āĻŦā§āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨āĻ• āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‚āĻ•āĻ¨ āĻ•ā§°āĻ•

āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ• āĻ†āĻĒā§‹āĻ¨āĻžā§° āĻŽāĻ¤āĻžāĻŽāĻ¤ āĻœāĻ¨āĻžāĻ“āĻ•āĨ¤

āĻĒāĻĸāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§‡āĻļāĻžā§ąāĻ˛ā§€

āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžā§°ā§āĻŸāĻĢ’āĻ¨ āĻ†ā§°ā§ āĻŸā§‡āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡āĻŸ
Android āĻ†ā§°ā§ iPad/iPhoneā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦā§‡ Google Play Books āĻāĻĒāĻŸā§‹ āĻ‡āĻ¨āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻ˛ āĻ•ā§°āĻ•āĨ¤ āĻ‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ­āĻžā§ąā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒā§‹āĻ¨āĻžā§° āĻāĻ•āĻžāĻ‰āĻŖā§āĻŸā§° āĻ¸ā§ˆāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ‚āĻ• āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ†ā§°ā§ āĻ†āĻĒā§āĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¯'āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ• āĻ¤'āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ…āĻĄāĻŋāĻ…'āĻŦā§āĻ• āĻ…āĻ¨āĻ˛āĻžāĻ‡āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āĻĢāĻ˛āĻžāĻ‡āĻ¨āĻ¤ āĻļā§āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŦāĻ˛ā§ˆ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ§āĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ˛ā§‡āĻĒāĻŸāĻĒ āĻ†ā§°ā§ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻ‰āĻŸāĻžā§°
āĻ†āĻĒā§āĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻ‰āĻŸāĻžā§°ā§° ā§ąā§‡āĻŦ āĻŦā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ‰āĻœāĻžā§° āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻ•ā§°āĻŋ Google PlayāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨āĻž āĻ…āĻĄāĻŋāĻ…'āĻŦā§āĻ•āĻ¸āĻŽā§‚āĻš āĻļā§āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ‡-ā§°ā§€āĻĄāĻžā§° āĻ†ā§°ā§ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ‡āĻš
Kobo eReadersā§° āĻĻā§°ā§‡ āĻ‡-āĻšāĻŋā§ŸāĻžāĻāĻšā§€ā§° āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ‡āĻšāĻ¸āĻŽā§‚āĻšāĻ¤ āĻĒā§āĻŋāĻŦāĻ˛ā§ˆ, āĻ†āĻĒā§āĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻĢāĻžāĻ‡āĻ˛ āĻĄāĻžāĻ‰āĻ¨āĻ˛â€™āĻĄ āĻ•ā§°āĻŋ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡āĻŸā§‹ āĻ†āĻĒā§‹āĻ¨āĻžā§° āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ‡āĻšāĻ˛ā§ˆ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§°āĻŖ āĻ•ā§°āĻŋāĻŦ āĻ˛āĻžāĻ—āĻŋāĻŦāĨ¤ āĻ¸āĻŽā§°ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ‡-ā§°āĻŋāĻĄāĻžā§°āĻ˛ā§ˆ āĻĢāĻžāĻ‡āĻ˛āĻŸā§‹ āĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ•ā§ˆ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§° āĻ•ā§°āĻŋāĻŦ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋāĻŦāĻ˛ā§ˆ āĻ¸āĻšāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§ā§°āĻ¤ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āĻ¸āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻ¨āĻŋā§°ā§āĻĻā§‡āĻļāĻžā§ąāĻ˛ā§€ āĻšāĻžāĻ“āĻ•āĨ¤